Chain Stitch: Bring the thread out at the top of the line and hold down with your left thumb (if right-handed). Insert the needle where it last emerged from the fabric and bring the point of the needle out a distance away. Pull the thread through, keeping the working thread under the point of the needle.

Long and Short Stitch: This is a form of Satin Stitch that got its name because all the stitches are of uneven lengths. It is often used to fill in a shape which is too large or too irregular to be covered by using only the satin stitch. It is also used to create a shaded effect, as shown in diagram. In the top (first) row, the stitches are alternately long and short and closely follow the outline of the shape to be filled in. In the succeeding rows, long and short stitches are worked to fill in the rest of the shape and to give a smooth texture.

Lazy Daisy Stitch: Work in the same way as the Chain Stitch (A), but secure each loop at the center with a small stitch (B). This stitch may be worked singly or in groups to form flower petals.

Backstitch: Bring the thread through on the stitch line, then take a small backward stitch through the fabric. Bring the needle through again a little in front of the first stitch, take another backward stitch, pushing the needle in at the point where it first came through.

Buttonhole Stitch: Bring the thread out on the lower line, insert the needle in position on the upper line, taking a straight downward stitch with the thread under the point of the needle. Pull the thread up to form a loop and then repeat.